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How to Daisy-Chain ARGB Fans and Use a Fan Hub

Most setup videos show someone joining a row of connectors, plugging the final lead into a motherboard, and celebrating when the fans light up—but they rarely calculate current, separate motor power from LED power, or explain what the hub is actually doing.

An ARGB fan normally contains two electrical systems:

The fan spinning does not prove the lighting is wired correctly. And the LEDs glowing does not prove the motor circuit is safely loaded.

I have a blunt rule: treat cooling and lighting as two separate projects until the final test. Builders who ignore that rule often end up with a fan that spins at full speed, shows the wrong color, disappears from software, or resets to rainbow every time the PC boots.

What Daisy-Chaining ARGB Fans Actually Means

To daisy-chain ARGB fans, you connect the ARGB output of one compatible fan to the ARGB input of the next fan, creating a single lighting path that eventually terminates at a motherboard header, controller, or powered hub.

That sounds straightforward. It is not universal.

Some ARGB fans provide separate male and female 5V connectors for pass-through wiring. Others use proprietary plugs that work only with the included controller. Newer interlocking systems may carry motor power, lighting power, PWM control, and data through one physical bridge.

Never assume two connectors are compatible merely because both have three contacts.

A standard PC ARGB connector normally uses:

A traditional RGB connector normally uses:

These are not interchangeable. Connecting a 5V ARGB device to a 12V RGB header can damage the LEDs. MSI explicitly warns in its motherboard documentation that connecting a 5V ARGB strip to its 12V JRGB connector will damage the strip.

That is why the missing pin matters. It is not decorative plastic. It is a warning built into the connector.

Before wiring anything, compare the plug markings:

If your fans use ordinary motherboard-sync connectors, the 

 provides several ARGB MB Sync options rather than forcing every build into one proprietary software ecosystem. The 

, for example, are offered in single-, three-, and five-fan configurations, which makes the planned fan count easier to match before cable routing begins. (

Separate the PWM Circuit From the ARGB Circuit

This is where most instructions become dangerously vague.

A fan’s motor connector and lighting connector may travel beside each other, but they perform different jobs and have different electrical limits.

ConnectionTypical plugNormal voltageMain jobCommon failurePWM fan motor4-pin12VPowers motor and controls speedHeader overload or one RPM readingDC fan motor3-pin12VPowers motor through voltage controlIncorrect BIOS modeARGB lighting3-pin with gap5VPowers and addresses individual LEDsFlickering, dimming, or LED damageRGB lighting4-pin12VSets one shared color across the deviceImmediate damage to 5V ARGB LEDsSATA-powered hubSATA inputPSU suppliedAdds independent power capacityMissing SATA connection or poor hub design

PWM Daisy-Chaining Is Not the Same as ARGB Daisy-Chaining

When several PWM fans share one motherboard signal, they generally follow the same speed command. However, a basic splitter usually returns the tachometer signal from only one fan.

If every fan transmitted an RPM signal through the same sense wire, the motherboard could receive overlapping pulses and report nonsense. A quality splitter or PWM fan hub normally designates one primary port for RPM monitoring.

So when BIOS shows one fan speed for six connected fans, that does not automatically mean five fans are undetected. They may simply be sharing one control signal while only the lead fan reports speed.

The electrical load still counts, though.

For example, suppose six fans are each rated at 0.18A for the motor:

That hypothetical group would exceed a 1A system-fan header. On MSI’s PRO X870-P WIFI, the official manual lists its system-fan headers at 1A and 12W, while its CPU-fan header is rated at 2A and 24W. Those are motherboard-specific limits, not universal numbers.

A passive splitter does not create more power capacity. It merely divides an existing connection.

This is one of the industry’s most persistent half-truths: vendors advertise “supports five fans” while hiding the fact that the motherboard header still has to carry the combined motor current.

ARGB Current Must Be Calculated Separately

Total ARGB current = Fan 1 LED current + Fan 2 LED current + all other ARGB device currents

Do not calculate from fan count alone. A fan with eight LEDs and a mirror center is not electrically identical to a fan with 24 LEDs around two illuminated rings.

And do not assume that the motherboard’s advertised LED count is the same as its safe electrical limit.

The Header Numbers That Expose Bad Advice

Official motherboard documents show why a universal answer such as “one ARGB header supports six fans” is unreliable, because different boards may share the same 5V voltage while applying different current limits, firmware limits, LED-count rules, and generation-specific behavior.

Why gamble with a motherboard header when the manual gives you the number?

Consider three real manufacturer examples:

Hardware examplePublished ARGB capacityWhat it provesASUS Addressable Gen 2 header3A at 5V; up to 120 Gen 1 or 500 Gen 2 LEDsSoftware generation and electrical capacity are separate limitsMSI MAG X870 Tomahawk WiFi3A at 5V; up to 180 addressable LEDs per JARGB_V2 connectorA 3A header does not guarantee the same supported LED count across brandsCooler Master MasterFan ARGB/PWM HubUp to six ARGB and six PWM connectionsPort count and power distribution depend on the hub design

ASUS’s official support guidance specifies a 3A maximum output at 5V, with support for up to 120 LEDs in Gen 1 mode or 500 in Gen 2 mode. MSI’s MAG X870 Tomahawk WiFi documentation also specifies 3A at 5V, but states a limit of 180 individually addressable LEDs on each JARGB_V2 connector. (

Same current rating. Different declared LED limits.

That is not a contradiction. It shows that electrical power, signal handling, firmware behavior, and software device mapping are separate issues.

 provides six sets of 3-pin ARGB and PWM connections. It is a useful real-world example of why a hub exists: not because daisy-chaining is impossible, but because centralized distribution is cleaner and easier to service in a multi-fan build. (

My conservative practice is to avoid running any motherboard lighting or fan header continuously at its published maximum. Leaving roughly 20% headroom allows for startup behavior, rating tolerances, extra accessories, and future changes.

That percentage is a planning margin, not a universal motherboard specification. Your manual remains the final authority.

How to Daisy-Chain ARGB Fans Step by Step

1. Shut Down and Disconnect the Power Supply

Turn the computer off, switch the PSU off, and remove the power cable.

Do not install or remove ARGB connectors while the motherboard is powered. MSI specifically tells users to disconnect power before installing or removing addressable lighting hardware.

Press the case power button once after unplugging the system to help discharge residual power.

2. Identify Every Cable Before Connecting Anything

Lay the fans outside the case or place them loosely in their mounting positions.

Do not force a connector that does not align naturally.

The physical fan order may affect animated effects.

In a simple chain, the controller sends data through the first fan and then onward to the next device. Depending on the fan design and software, a wave may begin at the first connected fan rather than the fan nearest the front of the case.

Motherboard or controller → Fan 1 → Fan 2 → Fan 3 → Final fan

For front-mounted intake fans, I normally make the bottom or top fan the first device based on the direction I want the animation to travel. There is no universally correct visual order, but there is an obviously bad time to discover the order: after every cable tie has been tightened.

Connect the output of Fan 1 to the input of Fan 2. Continue until the final fan has no downstream device.

Then connect the first fan’s input lead to one of the following:

Never offset the connector by one position. A loose 3-pin housing can sometimes sit incorrectly on a four-position header shell, especially when working in a dark case.

For two or three low-current fans, a motherboard header and documented splitter may be sufficient. For larger groups, use a SATA-powered PWM fan hub with a motherboard PWM input.

Connect the hub’s primary or marked port first. That port usually supplies the RPM feedback signal.

 is listed with an 800–1850 RPM operating range, 60 CFM airflow, 1.90 mm H₂O static pressure, and black or white options. Those motor specifications matter when planning cooling, but you still need the product label or manual for the exact electrical-current calculation. (

A powered hub normally requires SATA power from the PSU.

Without that cable, one of several confusing things may happen:

Route the SATA connection directly to the hub. Avoid stacking it behind high-draw storage devices when a separate PSU cable is readily available.

Use solid red, solid green, solid blue, and white. Static colors reveal:

keeping lighting consistent in multi-fan builds

 also recommends static-color testing because animated effects can hide wiring errors and color differences. (

Then configure lighting in the motherboard software or controller application.

Learn how to daisy-chain ARGB fans safely, calculate 5V and PWM loads, choose a powered fan hub, avoid 12V damage, and troubleshoot sync issues.

Avis

Apprenez comment connecter en série des ventilateurs ARGB en toute sécurité, calculer les charges 5V et PWM, choisir un hub de ventilateurs alimenté, éviter les dommages liés au 12V et résoudre les problèmes de synchronisation.

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